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The steamboat ''Yellowstone'' (sometimes ''Yellow Stone'') was a side wheeler steamboat built in Louisville, Kentucky, for the American Fur Company for service on the Missouri River. By design, the ''Yellowstone'' was the first powered boat to reach above Council Bluffs, Iowa, on the Missouri River achieving, on her maiden voyage, Fort Tecumseh, South Dakota, on June 19, 1831.〔History of South Dakota, Fourth Edition, Revised〕 The ''Yellowstone'' also played an important role in the Texas Revolution of 1836, crossing the Texas Army under Sam Houston over the swollen Brazos River ahead of Santa Anna's pursuing Mexican Army. ==Early career on the Missouri River== The ''Yellowstone'' was built between 1830 and 1831 in Louisville, Kentucky, for the American Fur Company to service the fur trade between Saint Louis, Missouri, and the trading camps along the Missouri River up to the mouth of the Yellowstone River in western North Dakota in support of their Montana fur trade. Prior to the ''Yellowstone'', fur traders beyond Council Bluff relied on un-powered keelboats which had to be dragged up-river for supply and then floated downstream with their furs. Beginning in St. Louis, The ''Yellowstone'' made her maiden voyage on April 16, 1831 and reached Pierre, South Dakota, on June 19, 1831, six hundred miles farther than any other steamboat,〔Jackson, Donald, ''Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone,'' New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985. p. 24〕 dramatically opening the way for regular travel and trade along the upper stretches of the Missouri River. She returned, fully loaded, to Saint Louis on July 15, 1831.〔Jackson, Donald, ''Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone,'' New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985. p. 24〕 The following year, 1832, the ''Yellowstone'' reached the mouth of the river for which she was named. That voyage was chronicled by George Catlin. In 1833, German naturalist Prince Alexander Philipp Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied, together with Swiss artist Karl Bodmer traveled the Missouri River on board the ''Yellowstone''. That journey was also chronicled in Maximilian's ''Reise in das Innere Nord-Amerikas''. Karl Bodmer's depiction of the ''Yellowstone'' struggling over a sand bar may be the most accurate depiction of the steamboat in existence. In July 1833, the crew of the ''Yellowstone'' was overcome by cholera. Many of the crew, including the firemen, died, and the boat was under threat of being burned by locals afraid of contagion. Leaving famed steamboat captain, then a clerk and pilot, Joseph LaBarge, to hold and protect the boat and its ailing crew, the ''Yellowstones captain, Anson G. Bennett, ventured downstream to St. Louis, and soon returned with a new crew.〔Chittenden, H. M. History of Early Steamboat Navigation on the Missouri River. New York: Harper., 1903. p. 32.〕 From 1831 through 1833, regular runs of the steamboat took advantage of the higher river due to April snow melts and again in June and July by favor of snow melt from the Rocky Mountains. During the winters when ice prevented such travel and late summer when water levels were insufficient for the six foot draft of the vessel, the ''Yellowstone'' served the cotton and sugar cane markets along the lower Mississippi River.〔Jackson, Donald, ''Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone,'' New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985. p. 27〕 After the final July 1833 run up the Missouri River, the steamboat continued the work along the Mississippi River with Captain John P. Phillips, under new ownership.〔Jackson, Donald, ''Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone,'' New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985. p. 112.〕 In November 1835, the ''Yellowstone'' steamed to New Orleans for a significant refit,〔Jackson, Donald, ''Voyages of the Steamboat Yellow Stone,'' New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1985, p. 115.〕 a second boiler was added and much of the wooden components replaced with newer wood. Meanwhile, she was sold yet again and registered by the new owners for trade runs in foreign (specifically, the then Mexican Texas) waters. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yellowstone (steamboat)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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